Gliese 581 d also known as Wolf 562 d

Gliese 581 d also known as Wolf 562 d and HIP 74995 d, is a super-Earth or large terrestrial extrasolar planet orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 581.
Gliese 581 d is near the outer edge of the habitable zone.


The planet was discovered by the team of Stéphane Udry of the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland using the HARPS instrument on the European Southern Observatory 3.6 meter telescope in La Silla, Chile on April 24, 2007. Udry's team employed the radial velocity technique, in which the size and mass of a planet are determined based on the small perturbations it induces in its parent star’s orbit via gravity.

The team is confident that the planet exists but recognizes that unlikely events could mimic its existence. They believe the issue will be settled by upcoming studies.

Climate and habitability
Although Gliese 581 d orbits outside the theoretical habitable zone of its star, scientists surmise that conditions on the planet may be conducive to supporting life. Scientists originally believed that Gliese 581 d would in fact be too cold for liquid water to exist, and therefore could not support life as we understand it. However, due to a theorized greenhouse effect, research now suggests that atmospheric conditions on the planet create temperatures at which water can exist, and therefore the planet may be capable of supporting life. It is important to note that these conditions are based on models of the planet, and have not been directly observed.